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keel
Ledger
65,275,161
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
4s

PAYBO against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

PAYBO / USDC

GDNU…XD3D

Risk band

High

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
19.60 USDC (shortened; full value 19.602180174402469476573533648426997613821932500518 USDC)Limited by liquidation depth
Depth within 5%
buy18.97 USDC (shortened; full value 18.97997762773193336615697072 USDC)sell19.34 USDC (shortened; full value 19.344122617692933977356553345686039505549138814729 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
Not reachableThe order book cannot reach the target
Checks
3 triggered5 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Buy-side depth

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Lower at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
7.58 USDC (shortened; full value 7.5866420040145603546771821176 USDC)
Highest
38.10 USDC (shortened; full value 38.1034647604950023628529455383 USDC)
2026-10-26T23:54:03Z — 2026-11-02T23:08:59ZOne scale across every line on this chart
2% from mid
7.64 USDC (shortened; full value 7.647684333443466120845565092 USDC)
5% from mid
18.97 USDC (shortened; full value 18.97997762773193336615697072 USDC)
10% from mid
37.51 USDC (shortened; full value 37.5131797103395251958195927027 USDC)
169 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREMEthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGHthroughout

Not evaluated5

  • Price sources disagree
  • Extreme spread
  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
0 USDC

NOT reachable through the order book: this is the cost of exhausting the book, not of reaching the target

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
not computed

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh