Keel — Stellar liquidity risk

ETH / USDC

GBFX…SOCC

Risk band

Critical

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral: 28.71 USDC (shortened; full value 28.718365437432063546871700586605683942013264543718 USDC)Limited by liquidation depth
Depth within 5%: buy27.80 USDC (shortened; full value 27.8068015219692764101149764612 USDC)sell28.34 USDC (shortened; full value 28.340295694600450317726778802887702510855941564329 USDC)
Cost to move +50%: 5,212.04 USDC (shortened; full value 5212.0475955 USDC)Reachable through the order book
Checks: 6 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window

Resolution

Source

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Lower at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest: 0 USDC
Highest: 112.75 USDC (shortened; full value 112.7501920340191740455802880158 USDC)

2026-10-27T03:53:38Z — 2026-11-03T03:08:39ZOne scale across every line on this chart

2% from mid: 11.20 USDC (shortened; full value 11.2043145958201267386274118944 USDC)
5% from mid: 27.80 USDC (shortened; full value 27.8068015219692764101149764612 USDC)
10% from mid: 54.95 USDC (shortened; full value 54.9590501697565423695865456453 USDC)

169 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.

Cheap to move the pricenowMANIPULATION_CHEAP

throughout

One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREME

throughout

Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCT

throughout

Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGH

throughout

Extreme spreadnowSPREAD_EXTREME

167 of 169

Price sources disagreenowPRICE_SOURCE_CONFLICT

72 of 169

Nothing tradable within 2%ZERO_DEPTH_2PCT

97 of 169

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only: 5,212.04 USDC (shortened; full value 5212.0475955 USDC)
The target is reachable through the order book
Genuine volume in the oracle window: 0 USDC
Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter
Cost against genuine volume: not computed
Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable
Total attack cost: 5,212.04 USDC (shortened; full value 5212.0475955 USDC)
The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh