Skip to content
keel
Ledger
65,278,221
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
3s

PAYBO against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

PAYBO / USDC

GDNU…XD3D

Risk band

High

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
19.53 USDC (shortened; full value 19.536491675217887342223969854363312565684809964 USDC)Limited by liquidation depth
Depth within 5%
buy18.91 USDC (shortened; full value 18.9163741798587856916981540728 USDC)sell19.27 USDC (shortened; full value 19.279298890357843646186435129855728565061591042 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
Not reachableThe order book cannot reach the target
Checks
3 triggered5 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Buy-side depth

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Lower at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
7.62 USDC (shortened; full value 7.6223276007834878681128703829 USDC)
Highest
37.47 USDC (shortened; full value 37.4785916750126833437679865203 USDC)
2026-11-02T23:54:04Z — 2026-11-03T03:24:04ZOne scale across every line on this chart
2% from mid
7.62 USDC (shortened; full value 7.6223276007834878681128703829 USDC)
5% from mid
18.91 USDC (shortened; full value 18.9170474389826196374969674504 USDC)
10% from mid
37.38 USDC (shortened; full value 37.3888006659559680173295682084 USDC)
2 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREMEthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGHthroughout

Not evaluated5

  • Price sources disagree
  • Extreme spread
  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
0 USDC

NOT reachable through the order book: this is the cost of exhausting the book, not of reaching the target

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
not computed

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh