Keel — Stellar liquidity risk

ETH / USDC

GBFX…SOCC

Risk band

Critical

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral: 28.70 USDC (shortened; full value 28.706467979490491445300892158834741902189077244814 USDC)Limited by liquidation depth
Depth within 5%: buy27.79 USDC (shortened; full value 27.7952817071553712242630292507 USDC)sell28.32 USDC (shortened; full value 28.328554863569769782096246234236759213716045983717 USDC)
Cost to move +50%: 5,212.04 USDC (shortened; full value 5212.0475955 USDC)Reachable through the order book
Checks: 6 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window

Resolution

Source

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Lower at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest: 11.19 USDC (shortened; full value 11.199672867099237809001683415 USDC)
Highest: 54.95 USDC (shortened; full value 54.9543048531063805585824140684 USDC)

2026-11-02T23:53:39Z — 2026-11-03T05:23:34ZOne scale across every line on this chart

2% from mid: 11.19 USDC (shortened; full value 11.199672867099237809001683415 USDC)
5% from mid: 27.79 USDC (shortened; full value 27.7952817071553712242630292507 USDC)
10% from mid: 54.93 USDC (shortened; full value 54.9362817086013277678823161807 USDC)

2 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.

Cheap to move the pricenowMANIPULATION_CHEAP

throughout

Price sources disagreenowPRICE_SOURCE_CONFLICT

throughout

Extreme spreadnowSPREAD_EXTREME

throughout

One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREME

throughout

Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCT

throughout

Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGH

throughout

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only: 5,212.04 USDC (shortened; full value 5212.0475955 USDC)
The target is reachable through the order book
Genuine volume in the oracle window: 0 USDC
Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter
Cost against genuine volume: not computed
Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable
Total attack cost: 5,212.04 USDC (shortened; full value 5212.0475955 USDC)
The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh