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keel
Ledger
65,275,696
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
5s

AUDD against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

AUDD / USDC

GDC7…2EEU

Risk band

Critical

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
59.45 USDC (shortened; full value 59.458001161610981391993315 USDC)Limited by manipulation cost
Depth within 5%
buy234.40 USDC (shortened; full value 234.4068480704540468375917238782 USDC)sell238.90 USDC (shortened; full value 238.909828765387098200117956146040053323136419564572 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
237.83 USDC (shortened; full value 237.83200464644392556797326 USDC)Reachable through the order book
Checks
5 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Cost to move the price 50%

The stored series carries one manipulation rung, the +50% move. A reading the engine could not produce breaks the line rather than sitting at zero.

Higher at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
200.83 USDC (shortened; full value 200.8359678 USDC)
Highest
266.07 USDC (shortened; full value 266.07267987632814 USDC)
2026-10-04T00:53:27Z — 2026-10-24T19:53:28Z
Cost to move +50%
236.32 USDC (shortened; full value 236.32121400857609848964076 USDC)
500 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
Cheap to move the pricenowMANIPULATION_CHEAPthroughout
Cheap next to real tradingnowMANIPULATION_RATIO_LOWthroughout
One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREMEthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGHthroughout
Price sources disagreePRICE_SOURCE_CONFLICT18 of 500
Extreme spreadSPREAD_EXTREME18 of 500
Nothing tradable within 2%ZERO_DEPTH_2PCT17 of 500

Not evaluated3

  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
237.83 USDC (shortened; full value 237.83200464644392556797326 USDC)

The target is reachable through the order book

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
237.83 USDC (shortened; full value 237.83200464644392556797326 USDC)

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh